Original article: DIMANA DESAIN SEMUA INI? By: Muhammad Mirza Ardi

Every nation has its own story that cannot be imitated by other nations. Perhaps this is the reason why no nation has the same history. “Where else can French-style politics be found except in France?” Asked Clifford Geertz. Only in France can we find a story about the collapsed Bastille prison, the Voltaire’s satire, and the Guillotine knife that killed King Louis and the consort Marie Antoniette. Meanwhile, only in the American Revolution can we find a story about The Boston Tea Party, where the inhabitants of the colony disguising as Indian tribes threw a load of tea from the British ship to the seabed. It is only in America that the state ideas of James Madison, John Jay, or Alexander Hamilton can be found in The Federalist Paper. Neither in France nor in Indonesia. Similarly, only in Indonesia can we find the concept of Pancasila, no where else.

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Original article: KEPADA SUKARNO-HATTA by: Alkaf Muchtar

Let us notice the last sentence in the Indonesian Proclamation of Independence:

“… On behalf of the Indonesian nation, Sukarno-Hatta.” It seems like there was no harmony lies in this sentence. But, really, that’s where the story about the ups and downs of Indonesia began.

Indonesian independence was organized and built through these two names. There was no harmony in both names, as it appeared in the text of the above proclamation, especially on ideas, yet from these two names comes up an amazing idea. There were many differences between them. But there are many similarities, too

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